{"id":367,"date":"2023-03-07T12:57:38","date_gmt":"2023-03-07T04:57:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/yusemo.com\/?p=367"},"modified":"2023-03-10T14:55:47","modified_gmt":"2023-03-10T06:55:47","slug":"%e6%b5%8f%e8%a7%88%e5%99%a8%e8%be%93%e5%85%a5url%e5%88%b0%e9%a1%b5%e9%9d%a2%e5%b1%95%e7%a4%ba%e5%87%ba%e6%9d%a5%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e8%bf%87%e7%a8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yusemo.com\/?p=367","title":{"rendered":"\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8f93\u5165url\u5230\u9875\u9762\u5c55\u793a\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5168\u8fc7\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u57fa\u672c\u6d41\u7a0b\uff1a
\n1\u3001\u7528\u6237\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165url\u5730\u5740<\/strong>
\n\u9762\u8bd5\u5ef6\u4f38\uff1a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002
\n\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u662f\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u591f\u8fd0\u2f8f\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ed9\u5b83\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5206\u914d\u4e86\u8d44\u6e90\uff08cpu\u3001\u5185\u5b58\uff09
\n\u7b80\u5355\u70b9\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u6bcf\u6253\u5f00\u2f00\u4e2a Tab \u2eda\uff0c\u5c31\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u2f00\u4e2a\u72ec\u2f74\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u89e3\u6790\u57df\u540d\u5f97\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668ip\u5730\u5740<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u9996\u5148\u4ece\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u627e\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u57df\u540d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u53d6\u51fa\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684ip\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5c31\u5f00\u542f\u4e00\u4e2aDNS\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u5668<\/strong>\u3002DNS\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u4f1a\u9996\u5148\u8bbf\u95ee\u9876\u7ea7\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5c06\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684ip\u53d1\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff1b\u7136\u540e\u8bbf\u95ee\u6839\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u5668\uff0c\u5c06\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684ip\u53d1\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff1b\u6700\u540e\u8bbf\u95ee\u672c\u5730\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u7ec8\u7684ip\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9762\u8bd5\u5ef6\u4f38\uff1a
\nDNS \u7f13\u5b58\uff1aDNS \u5b58\u5728\u7740\u591a\u7ea7\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u4ece\u79bb\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u2f0f\u79cd: \u6d4f\u89c8 \u5668\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7f13\u5b58\uff0cIPS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u6839\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u9876\u7ea7\u57df\u540d\u670d \u52a1\u5668\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u4e3b\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7f13\u5b58<\/p>\n

DNS \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff1aDNS \u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd4\u56de\u2f00\u4e2a\u5408\u9002\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7684 IP \u7ed9\u2f64\u6237\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u6bcf\u53f0\u673a \u5668\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u91cf\uff0c\u8be5\u673a\u5668\u79bb\u2f64\u6237\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f DNS \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u2f1c \u53eb\u505a DNS \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u3002\u2f24\u5bb6\u2f7f\u719f\u80fd\u8be6\u7684 CDN(Content Delivery Network) \u5c31\u662f\u5229\u2f64 DNS
\n\u7684\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u6280\u672f\uff0cDNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u2f00\u4e2a\u8ddf\u2f64\u6237\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u7684\u70b9\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u7ed9\u2f64\u6237\uff0cCDN
\n\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d1f\u8d23\u54cd\u5e94\u2f64\u6237\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n

3\u3001TCP\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u5efa\u7acb\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u56e0\u4e3aHTTP\u662f\u57fa\u4e8eTCP\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u53d1\u9001http\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5148\u8fdb\u884cTCP\u7684\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef—>\u670d\u52a1\u7aef ack=1,seq=x\uff08x\u968f\u673a\u751f\u6210\uff09<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u7aef—>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef ACK=1,ack=x+1,seq=y\uff08y\u968f\u673a\u751f\u6210\uff09<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef—>\u670d\u52a1\u7aef ACK=1,ack=y+1,seq=x+1<\/p>\n

\u5b8c\u6210\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u65f6\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u5df2\u7ecf\u53ef\u4ee5\u643a\u5e26\u6570\u636e\u4e86\u3002
\n\u9762\u8bd5\u5ef6\u4f38\uff1aHTTP \u534f\u8bae 80\/8080, HTTPS \u534f\u8bae 443\u3002http \u8bf7\u6c42\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e38\u2f64\u2f45\u6cd5\u6709: GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, OPTIONS, HEAD\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u5934\uff1a\u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u5934\u5141\u8bb8\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f20\u9012\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u9644\u52a0\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u2f83\u2f9d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e38\u2ec5 \u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u5934\u6709: Accept<\/strong> , Accept-Charset<\/strong> , Accept-Encoding<\/strong> , Accept-Language<\/strong> , Content-Type<\/strong> , Authorization<\/strong> , Cookie<\/strong> , User-Agent<\/strong> \u7b49\u3002 Accept \u2f64\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u2f64\u4e8e\u63a5\u53d7\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c Accept-Encoding \u4e0e Accept \u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u5b83\u2f64\u4e8e \u6307\u5b9a\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u2f45\u5f0f\u3002 Connection \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a Keep-alive \u2f64\u4e8e\u544a\u8bc9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u672c\u6b21 HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u7ed3\u675f \u4e4b\u540e\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5173\u95ed TCP \u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4e0b\u6b21 HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f7f\u2f64\u76f8\u540c\u7684 TCP \u901a\u9053\uff0c\u8282\u7701
\nTCP \u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u2f74\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u8bf7\u6c42\u6b63\u2f42\uff1a \u5f53\u4f7f\u2f64 POST, PUT \u7b49\u2f45\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f20\u9012\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e \u5c31\u50a8\u5b58\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u6b63\u2f42\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u5305\u5934\u4e2d\u6709\u2f00\u4e9b\u4e0e\u8bf7\u6c42\u6b63\u2f42\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982: \u73b0\u5728\u7684 Web
\n\u5e94\u2f64\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u2f64 Rest \u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u2f00\u822c\u4e3a json\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e Content-Type: application\/json<\/strong> \u3002<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u83b7\u53d6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7684\u9759\u6001\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9762\u8bd5\u5ef6\u4f38\uff1aHTTP \u54cd\u5e94\u62a5\u2f42\u4e5f\u662f\u7531\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210: \u72b6\u6001\u7801, \u54cd\u5e94\u62a5\u5934\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u62a5\u2f42\u3002
\n\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u662f\u7531 3 \u4f4d\u6570\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u7b2c\u2f00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u7c7b\u522b\uff0c\u4e14\u6709\u4e94\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u53d6\u503c:
\n1xx\uff1a\u6307\u2f70\u4fe1\u606f\u2013\u8868\u2f70\u8bf7\u6c42\u5df2\u63a5\u6536\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u5904\u7406\u3002
\n2xx\uff1a\u6210\u529f\u2013\u8868\u2f70\u8bf7\u6c42\u5df2\u88ab\u6210\u529f\u63a5\u6536\u3001\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u63a5\u53d7\u3002
\n3xx\uff1a\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u2013\u8981\u5b8c\u6210\u8bf7\u6c42\u5fc5\u987b\u8fdb\u2f8f\u66f4\u8fdb\u2f00\u6b65\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002
\n4xx\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9519\u8bef\u2013\u8bf7\u6c42\u6709\u8bed\u6cd5\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u8bf7\u6c42\u2f46\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002
\n5xx\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u9519\u8bef\u2013\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u672a\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002
\n\u5e73\u65f6\u9047\u5230\u2f50\u8f83\u5e38\u2ec5\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u6709: 200, 204, 301, 302, 304, 400, 401, 403, 404, 422, 500
\n\u54cd\u5e94\u62a5\u5934: \u5e38\u2ec5\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u62a5\u5934\u5b57\u6bb5\u6709: Server, Connection\u2026
\n\u54cd\u5e94\u62a5\u2f42: \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u2f42\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u901a\u5e38 HTML, CSS, JS, \u56fe\u2f5a\u7b49\u2f42\u4ef6\u5c31\u653e\u5728\u8fd9\u2f00\u90e8\u5206<\/p>\n

5\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u54cd\u5e94\u62a5\u6587\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u9875\u9762\u9759\u6001\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong><\/p>\n

6\u3001TCP\u56db\u6b21\u6325\u624b\u5173\u95ed\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\uff0cTCP\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u56db\u6b21\u6325\u624b\u65ad\u5f00\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u56db\u6b21\u6325\u624b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6325\u624b\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef—>\u670d\u52a1\u5668 FIN=1,ack=1,seq=u \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u4e3aFIN_WAIT_1<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6325\u624b\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668—>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef ACK=1,ack=u+1,seq=v \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u4e3aCLOSE_WAIT\uff0cTCP\u8fdb\u5165\u534a\u5173\u95ed\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u6325\u624b\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668—>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef FIN=1,ACK=1,ack=u+1,seq=w \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u4e3aLAST_ACK<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u56db\u6b21\u6325\u624b\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef—>\u670d\u52a1\u5668 ACK=1,ack=w+1,seq=u+1 \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u4e3aTIME_WAIT\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6TCP\u672a\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7b49\u5f85\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u8ba1\u65f6\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u4e3aCLOSED<\/p>\n

\u9762\u8bd5\u5ef6\u4f38\uff1a
\nTCP\u3001UDP \u548c HTTP \u7684\u533a\u522b
\nTCP\u3001UDP\uff1a\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u534f\u8bae
\nHTTP: \u5e94\u2f64\u5c42\u534f\u8bae
\nTCP\uff08\u4f20\u8f93\u63a7\u5236\u534f\u8bae\uff0cTransmission Control Protocol\uff09\uff1a
\n(\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6253\u7535\u8bdd) \u2faf\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u4f20\u8f93\u53ef\u9760\uff08\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u6b63\u786e\u6027\uff09\u3001\u6709\u5e8f\uff08\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u987a\u5e8f\uff09\u3001\u4f20\u8f93\u2f24\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff08\u6d41\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u3001\u901f\u5ea6\u6162\u3001\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u591a\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u6784\u8f83\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u6bcf\u2f00\u6761 TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u70b9\u5230\u70b9<\/strong>\u7684\uff0cTCP \u2fb8\u90e8\u5f00\u9500 20 \u5b57\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n

UDP(\u2f64\u6237\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u534f\u8bae\uff0cUser Data Protocol)\uff1a\uff08\u7c7b\u4f3c\u53d1\u77ed\u4fe1\uff09 \u2faf\u5411\u2fae\u8fde\u63a5 \u3001\u4f20\u8f93\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\uff08\u53ef\u80fd\u4e22\u5305\uff09\u3001\u2f46\u5e8f\u3001\u4f20\u8f93\u5c11\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff08\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u3001\u901f\u5ea6 \u5feb\uff0c\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u5c11\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u6784\u8f83\u7b80\u5355 \uff0c UDP \u2f40\u6301\u2f00\u5bf9\u2f00\uff0c\u2f00\u5bf9\u591a\uff0c\u591a\u5bf9\u2f00\u548c\u591a\u5bf9\u591a<\/strong>\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u901a\u4fe1\uff0cUDP \u7684\u2fb8\u90e8\u5f00\u9500\u2f29\uff0c\u53ea\u6709 8 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n

7\u3001\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u89e3\u6790\u6587\u6863\u8d44\u6e90\u5e76\u6e32\u67d3\u9875\u9762<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\uff081\uff09\u89e3\u6790html\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u6784\u5efaDOM Tree<\/p>\n

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\uff083\uff09JS\u901a\u8fc7DOM API\u548cCSS OM API\u6765\u64cd\u4f5cDOM Tree\u548cCSS Tree<\/p>\n

\uff084\uff09\u89e3\u6790\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u7efc\u5408DOM Tree\u548cCSS Tree\u4f1a\u751f\u6210Render Tree\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f\u56de\u6d41\uff08layout or reflow\uff09<\/p>\n

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1\u3001Render Tree\u7684\u751f\u6210<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\uff084\uff09CSS\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u6539\u53d8<\/p>\n

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– \u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u540e\u4ee3\u9009\u62e9\u5668\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u5b50\u9009\u62e9\u5668<\/p>\n

– \u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u901a\u914d\u7b26<\/p>\n

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– \u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5408\u5e76\u811a\u672c<\/p>\n

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– \u4f7f\u7528defer\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u8be5\u5c5e\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u811a\u672c\u5728\u6587\u6863\u5b8c\u5168\u5448\u73b0\u4ee5\u540e\u518d\u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

– \u4f7f\u7528async\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5f53\u524d\u811a\u672c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u7b49\u5f85\u5176\u4ed6\u811a\u672c\u7684\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5fc5\u963b\u585e\u6587\u6863\u7684\u5448\u73b0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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